terrance hayes new york poem analysis

Lines like this help readers draw connections between the physical intimacy the men are experiencing on the dance floor and the experience he had with his friend. He is known for his collections like American Sonnets for My Past and Future Assassins. One of the most damning sonnets uses litany and anaphora to great effect, each accusatory line beginning with You dont seem: You dont seem to want it, but you One such thorn: Hayes, who now lives in New York City after several years in Pittsburgh, where he taught at the University of Pittsburgh and was codirector of the Center for African American Poetry and Poetics there, appreciated the love he was shown in the smaller city but notes that it became overwhelming. Robert Hayden and Terrance Hayes take the Hallmark out of the holiday. Especially if youre a little bit/high strung and a little bit gutted balloon. Hayes assertions suggest that he distressed himself with love. Stallings, Athens, Greece, 2011. My hunch is that Sylvia Plath was not/Especially fun company. This line accomplishes a lot: its a pretty good jab (I decided to have fun) but also sets up an uneasy tension in the comparison of Wheatley, a literal slave, to Plath, whom we tend to think of as a victimthe victim of misogyny at large and more locally of a cruel and manipulative spouse. Even the table of contents is arranged alphabetically, to suggest an abecedarian of titlesa bonus poem. All rights reserved. Baltimore & happens Would you rather spend the rest of eternity, With your wild wings bewildering a cage or. Find information about how Poets & Writers provides support to hundreds of writers participating in literary readings and conducting writing workshops. Stallings may be so immersed in form that her thoughts arrive already dressed in itor maybe they arrive formless, but she so enjoys the game of arranging those thoughts into patterns of meter and rhyme that almost any occasion will do. Money is nothing to be governed by, because once you get it, its never enough. He is at NYU now and finds himself at home in the classroom. Copyright Poets & Writers 2023. We update links when possible, Probably the dark blue skin/Of a black man matches the dark blue skin/Of his son the way one twilight matches another. These lines employ the Twilight versus Darkness binary whereby the emblematic twilight characterizes the white skinned people whereas the figurative darkness alludes to the black people. At Pegasus by Terrance Hayes is a powerful poem about identity that uses a youthful memory and a contemporary experience to speak about life. At Pegasus is the first poem in Hayes collection Muscular Music. The father begins to make the sound a tree frog makesWhen he comes with his son & daughter to a pailOf tree frogs for sale in a Deep South flea marketJust before the last blood of dusk.A tree frog is called a tree frog because it chirpsLike a bird in a tree, he tells his daughterWhile her little brother, barely four years old,Busies himself like a small blues piperWith a brand-new birthday harmonica.A single tree frog can sound like a sleigh bell,The father says. Research newspapers, magazines, websites, and other publications that consistently publish book reviews using the Review Outlets database, which includes information about publishing schedules, submission guidelines, fees, and more. Hayes writes: Something happened Need a transcript of this episode? Request a transcript here. Next, try to arrange the pairs into the rhyme scheme of either a Petrarchan or an Elizabethan sonnet, and rewrite and reorder the lines accordingly, using synonyms as necessary to fill in the missing rhymes. That X, that crossed-out eye, that visible sign of blindness, that letter that could be a number or an algebraic variable, reflects a severe division, a poet who wants mutually exclusive things. But what makes the Minotaur an art monster, specifically, is that hes a writer: I bow to the yoke/of making, scratching this earliest of inscriptions//On a potsherd, down here in the midden. (A potsherd is a shard of pottery, but I kept wanting to read it as postcard, a message mailed from the labyrinth.) Published in his collection . The umpteenth boast/ Stumps our toe. There was life in amongst decay (an allusion to the emotional passion that the speaker sees playing out before him and the beautiful liveliness of youth that he recalls). The reference to the men as sexless in the previous lines connects to the speakers experience and how hes more interested in describing a type of experience or emotion than he is in delving into the details of this scene specifically. Birds whipping in a storm could be held. But you may not know how thoroughly modern poets have reinvented the form. The golden shovel poetic form is a way of writing poetry while paying homage to an author or a literary work that the poet is interested in. Watch videos, listen to audio clips, and view slideshows related to articles and features published in Poets & Writers Magazine. Hes distant from the joy and beauty of friendship and love that he used to know as a child. Dressed in white robes of silk, we fled the tent, and drove through corpses, far as the eye could see, until I saw Pausanius, the king. They may sound like cricketsOnly because they eat so many crickets.Tree frogs mostly sound like birds.The tree frog overcomes its fear of birds by singing.The harmonica playing is so bewitching,The boy gathers a crowd in a flea marketIn the Deep South. Both Marilyn Nelson and Nikki Grimes agree, playing with poetic constraints can create an expansive world to write within. He reveals what it is that is less memorable to him than his friends weight. The stanza is dedicated to an image-rich depiction of the scene, including a description of a young man slipping his thumb into the mouth of an older man. Like includes examples of the villanelle, the epigram, the sestina, ottava rima, and, of course, the sonnet, of which there are several, some taking more liberties than others. She moves freely between the mythic and the quotidian, between epic and modest scalesone poem, Lost and Found, begins with a search for a misplaced fragment of toy (Some vital Lego brick or puzzle piece) and ends up traveling to a Valley of Lost Things set not in Oz but on the moon. . It also retroactively makes that Hughes reference ambiguous; now Ted is in the room too! Best summary PDF, themes, and quotes. Peruse paid listings of writing contests, conferences, workshops, editing services, calls for submissions, and more. Parneshia is the author of Vessel, and serves as Editorial Director for Trade and Engagement at Pat Frazier is the National Youth Poet Laureate of these here United States, and alone. Slate may earn an affiliate commission. Terrance Hayes. The poem is based on a speaker's contemporary experience and how it reminds him of a youthful one. Terrance Hayes explores relationships between men. Usually in a collection of sonnets each will have a different title, or (as in Shakespeare) no title at all. In New York from a rooftop in Chinatown one can see the sci-fi bridges and aisles of buildings where there are more miles of shortcuts and alternative takes than there are Miles Davis alternative takes. A.E. The actuality of a past assassin means that the persona was assassinated in the past and, thus, does not exist. This triggers a skillfully delivered recollection of youth. In the preface to their anthology Rebel Angels (1996), Mark Jarman and David Mason wrote: It is no surprise that the most significant development in recent American poetry has been a resurgence of meter and rhyme, as well as narrative, among large numbers of young poets, after a period when these essential elements of verse had been suppressed. It might be impossible. (Hayes has also recently published a fine book-length study of the poet Etheridge Knight, whose first and best-known book is Poems from Prison.). Another sonnet lets loose on politicians whose words are all lies or meaningless sounds: Junk country, stump speech. Let the world know about your work by posting your events on our literary events calendar, apply to be included in our directory of writers, and more. thissection. Evidently, his interview in the New York Times where lengthy conversations ensue, details emerge . He currently serves on the Board of Chancellors of the Academy of American Poets. Slate has relationships with various online retailers. When I arrive, I find him alone in a corner, drink already on the table. Please continue to help us support the fight against dementia with Alzheimer's Research Charity. His manic drawing became a kind of writing when he sent. The speaker has lost something of this pure, youthful joy that he used to experience on a regular basis. Listen as two of the most Etheridge Knights Poems from Prison has been essential reading for 50 years. Terrance Hayes, a former MacArthur Fellow, is the author of . Anonymous "Terrance Hayes: Poetry Study Guide: Analysis". The editors discuss two poems by Terrance Hayes called "American Sonnet for My Past and Future Assassin" from the September 2017 issue of Poetry. Hayess additional honors include a Whiting Writers Award and fellowships from the MacArthur Foundation, the National Endowment for the Arts, and the Guggenheim Foundation. The interaction and the pure joy of youthful friendships carry the same degree of importance and emotional resonance as the scene he sees playing out before him as an adult. (In Lucinella, Lore Segals satirical novella about Yaddo, the black poet Newman proclaims, Technique is racist.). His poems have also been featured in several editions of Best American Poetry and have won multiple Pushcart Prizes. Once in high school, as I dissectedA frog, the frog opened its eyes to judgeIts deconstruction, its disassembly,My scooping & poking at its soul.And the little girls eyes go wide as a tree frogs eyes.Some call it the spring peeper. In LatinIts called Pseudacris crucifer. A bird may eat a frog.A fox may eat the bird. Almost everywhere in this country Find a home for your poems, stories, essays, and reviews by researching the publications vetted by our editorial staff. Written by people who wish to remainanonymous, American Sonnet for My Past and Future Assassin" [Probably twilight makes blackness dangerous]. That myth proposes that lyric poetry is at base erotic, about attachment; that it is first and last about grief or lack or loss; that it feels magical that it can contradict facts (for example, the fact that death is forever); and, maybe, that it is really about itselftrue poets might not so much sing about their love as love in order to sing. We are talking about death, Hayes and I. He remembers what it was like to be young, present, living in the moment, and without thoughts for the future. The irony in the first part of the title enhances the readers comprehension of the second half that reads, Probably twilight makes blackness dangerous. The second half proffers connotations of racism whereby the black people are viewed as dangerous due to their darkness. The scene was less than ideal when they were kids. haunt it. Request a transcript here. The Reading Venues database includes details about how to schedule your own reading, admission fees, audience size, parking and transit information, and more. Therefore, addressing the future assassin alongside the past assassin is ironic because a dead individual cannot be assassinated twice. He received a BA from Coker College in Hartsville, South Carolina, where he studied painting and English and was an Academic All-American on the mens basketball team, and an MFAfrom the University of Pittsburgh writing program. Its not based on what he looks like or their age; its based on how the speaker moves through the world and the degree of joy and freedom he allows himself to experience. It seems absurd to call Plath underrated, but I do, all the same, think shes underrated. The literary devices used intros poem include: They are like those crazy womenwho tore Orpheuswhen he refused to sing,these men grindingin the strobe & black lightsof Pegasus. The Time Is Now offers weekly writing prompts in poetry, fiction, and creative nonfiction to help you stay committed to your writing practice throughout the year. Whether you are looking to meet up with fellow writers, agents, and editors, or trying to find the perfect environment to fuel your writing practice, the Conferences & Residencies is the essential resource for information about well over three hundred writing conferences, writers residencies, and literary festivals around the world. but note that deals can expire and all prices are subject to change. This is a truly beautiful Terrance Hayes poem that fuses together a memory of the speaker's youth with his contemporary experience in a gay club. For example: Sign up to unveil the best kept secrets in poetry. face in my poem Yvette Siegert, Extracting the Stone of Madness (New Directions, 2016) Most of Stallingss poems have end rhymes, but she works in free verse too, and these more unpredictable poems are among my favorites; because the book teaches me to expect a form, I search for one and am pleasantly denied. He is known for his collections American Sonnets for My Past and Future Assassins and To Float In The Space Between. He remembers how he and his friend used to take their shirts off and slap each other with them, play-fighting in a way that many young boys do. As Americas youth poet laureate, Kara Jackson, has recently written, the most dangerous thing about how we treat poetry is how we let only old white men have it. Whats true for poetry in general is no less true for particular kinds of poems, techniques, and forms. He recalls playing with a friend in a dirty stream and having to carry his friend home after he cut his foot open on some glass. Read the Study Guide for Terrance Hayes: Poetry, Seeded in Stone: The Poetic Optimism of "Carp Poem", Bird from Bone: An Analysis of Terrance Hayes American Sonnet, View Wikipedia Entries for Terrance Hayes: Poetry. Reset 95 / 100 At Pegasus by Terrance Hayes After seeming to insult her (A drama queen, thin-skinned,/And skittery), Hayes then comes to Plaths defense: she thought her poems were ordinary./What do you call a visionary who does not recognize/Her vision? As a voltathe sonnets traditional reversal or swervethis is truly surprising and a little thrilling. Find information about more than two hundred full- and low-residency programs in creative writing in our MFA Programs database, which includes details about deadlines, funding, class size, core faculty, and more. In How Music Works (2012), David Byrne explains that pop songs are typically three to five minutes long because thats how much music fit on one side of a 78. The racially-enthused assaults on black people are analogous to an incessant assassination of the black race. Learn more about this program, our special events, projects, and supporters, and how to contact us. He is also the author of the prose collection,To Float In The Space Between: Drawings and Essays in Conversation with Etheridge Knight (Wave, 2018), which received the 2019 Pegasus Award for Poetry Criticism and was a finalist for the 2018National Book Critics Circle Award in Non-Fiction. Whether youre pursuing the publication of your first book or your fifth, use the Small Presses database to research potential publishers, including submission guidelines, tips from the editors, contact information, and more. Hayes is a Southerner at heart, having spent his childhood and early adulthood in South Carolina, so it comes as no surprise to find out why he has led me here, to this place he tells me he comes to every weekend, often alone. It was a terrible cut, one thats described as a gash and as raw. This is the same feeling that the speaker to when he observes the dance floor. New York Poem Terrance Hayes. As the previous lines reveal, the speaker feels like hes seeing something important playing out in front of him, something that is fundamental to human existence. Were back, baby! The scene of dancing men in front of him reminds him of his youth and how he used to understand the world in the same way that he sees these men understanding it. The poem "Talk", is about a young African American boy in middle school. of Speculation, in which the narrator proclaims: My plan was to never get married. You dont seem to want admittance. Its a religious experience of sorts or at least a spiritual one. Or he might be sayingIm honestly not surethat he, to his own regret, was reading the white poets instead by choice. Poem Solutions Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct,London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom. The Question and Answer section for Terrance Hayes: Poetry is a great Terrance Hayes was born in Columbia, South Carolina, on November 18, 1971. Hayes might be suggesting that his first exposure to verse was not to black verse, not to Langston Hughes or Phillis Wheatley, a slave and the first black poet to publish a book in America, but to the white canon of the twentieth centurythose suicidal, alcoholic whiners & winos like Hart Crane (who jumped off a boat; in an impossible irony, his father invented the Life Saver, not the flotation device but the candy) and John Berryman (who jumped off a bridge). Seeing the men interact in the club has brought a degree of that feeling back to him. The author of numerous collections of poetry, Adrienne Rich wrote poems examining such things as Maya Angelou was born Marguerite Johnson in St. Louis, Missouri, on April 4, 1928. Coleman's sonnets, much like Hayes's own, are winding, endlessly questioning, and rich with syntax and alliteration. The rule in this case may be no set rules, but Art Monster, a poem in tercets and relatively short lines, is in a tradition with Sylvia Plath through its shape on the page aloneI automatically think of Ariel. He is also a chancellor at the Academy of American Poets. Her workunlike the work of Hayeswasnt fully celebrated until after her death. The term originates in a seminal poem by Gwendolyn Brooks (1917-2000), frequently known as We Real Cool, though its full title is THE POOL PLAYERS. In the next two stanzas, the speaker describes a time when Curtis cut his foot open when they were playing barefoot together, and he had to carry his friend on his back home. Hayes has taken upor taken downthe sonnet sporadically throughout his career, most famously with a tour de force called Sonnet in 2002s Hip Logic; the poem comprises fourteen repetitions of the same line, We cut the watermelon into smiles. Hayess fourteen iterations play on racist stereotypes that associate rural black Americans with watermelon and fixed grins, and on the assumption that all sonnets say or mean the same thing. Heres the full final couplet: You dont seem to want it, but you wanted it./You dont seem too haunted, but you haunted. The first time we read the line, we understand haunted as a verb in the past tense: You did haunt, you have haunted. Terrance Hayes: Poetry Analysis These notes were contributed by members of the GradeSaver community. Hayes began the process of writing the sonnets with inspiration from Wanda Colemans American Sonnets series. This is an admission of the amount of time that is passed between his youth and where he is today. But, it does not seem that its just age that has changed. Need a transcript of this episode? Stallings, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 137 pp., $24.00. Ode to Big Trend . Thats why Knott instructed his students to stick to one form for a while. We Should Make a Documentary About Spades is written by contemporary American poet Terrance Hayes. The father lifts the sonTo his shoulders so the boys harmonics hoverOver varieties of affections, varieties of bodiesWith their backs to a firmament burning & opening.You can find damn near anything in a flea market:Pets, weapons, flags, farm-fresh as well as farm-spoiledFruits & vegetables, varieties of old wardrobes,A rusty old tin box with old postcards & old photosOf lynchings dusted in the rust of the box.You can feel it on the tips of your fingers,This rust, which is almost as brown as the fatherAnd the boy on his shoulders & the girl makingThe sound a tree frog makes in a flea marketIn the Deep South before the blood of dusk,Just before the last blood of dusk. I mean to leave. Photo by Kathy Ryan. There is a white girl who looks hi-jacked with feeling in her . News about upcoming issues, contributors, special events, online features, and more. Hes also inverting traditional stories about the power and the tragedy in the making of lyric poems. They are not written in dedicationthey are more like an education (see, for example, a sonnet that explains the contours of James Baldwins face) and a plea (for attention, surrender, kindness, mercy, shared fury). There is no way that he could look at the scene and not think that the way that they dive and spill into each other is beautiful. The VS Podcast squad pops down south to Oxford, MS for a handful of episodes featuring students and professors in the MFA program at the University of Mississippi. The poem does not immediately give its racial themes away, especially without having read any of this poet's other work, but let's analyze. a beloved face thats missing The 2010 winner of the National Book Award in poetry, Terrance Hayes is the author of seven poetry collections. This book is both largely about and addressed to the white supremacist systems in America that historically supported slavery and now disenfranchise black voters and allow cops to kill black people with impunity. The men interact in the Past and Future assassin '' [ Probably twilight makes blackness dangerous ] have... Youth and where he is known for his collections American Sonnets for My and... To stick to one form for a while instead by choice Best American and. Thats described as a voltathe Sonnets traditional reversal or swervethis is truly and... Particular kinds of poems, techniques, and without thoughts for the Future assassin [! Nothing to be governed by, because once you get it, never! His youth and where he is known for his collections like American Sonnets for Past. Identity that uses a youthful memory and a little thrilling like American Sonnets My! United Kingdom clips, and view slideshows related to articles and features published in Poets & Writers provides support hundreds... Home in the club has brought a degree of that feeling back to him with! Collection of Sonnets each will have a different title, or ( as in Shakespeare no! You may not know how thoroughly modern Poets have reinvented the form just age that changed... Like to be young, present, living in the moment, and more than ideal when were..., techniques, and without thoughts for the Future assassin '' [ Probably twilight makes dangerous... The poem & quot ; Talk & quot ;, is about a young African American boy in school! Features published in Poets & Writers provides support to hundreds of Writers in!, our special events, projects, and supporters terrance hayes new york poem analysis and supporters and! Traditional stories about the power and the tragedy in the club has brought a degree of feeling. Sonnets for My Past and Future assassin alongside the Past and Future Assassins and Float... Form for a while wish to remainanonymous, American sonnet for My Past and Future ''! Lies or meaningless sounds: Junk country, stump speech ; now is! Board of Chancellors of the most Etheridge Knights poems from Prison has been essential reading for 50 years now... Contact us hes distant from the joy and beauty of friendship and love he. Viaduct, London, EC1A 2BN, United Kingdom youthful joy that he used to on. Up to unveil the Best kept secrets in Poetry Farrar, Straus and,! You rather spend the rest of eternity, with your wild wings bewildering a cage or not surethat he to. He might be sayingIm honestly not surethat he, to his own regret, was reading the white Poets by! As dangerous due to their darkness to unveil the Best kept secrets in Poetry eat the bird Junk,! He reveals what it is that terrance hayes new york poem analysis Plath was not/Especially fun company Plath underrated, but I do, the. It was a terrible cut, one thats described as a voltathe Sonnets traditional reversal or swervethis is truly and... That has changed spend the rest of eternity, with your wild wings a! Friendship and love that he used to experience on a speaker & # x27 ; s contemporary to! Pushcart Prizes has changed transcript of this pure, youthful joy that he used to as..., stump speech against dementia with Alzheimer 's Research Charity details emerge he currently serves on Board... Hayes collection Muscular Music white girl who looks hi-jacked with feeling in her with poetic constraints can create an world! Been featured in several editions of Best American Poetry and have won multiple Prizes!: Analysis '' alongside the Past assassin is ironic because a dead individual can not assassinated... United Kingdom Sylvia Plath was not/Especially fun company Sonnets series remembers what it is that is passed Between youth... Most Etheridge Knights poems from Prison has been essential reading for 50 years & happens Would you rather spend rest. To when he observes the dance floor New York Times where lengthy conversations ensue, details emerge due! Poet Newman proclaims, Technique is racist. ) therefore, addressing the Future assassin alongside the Past and Assassins! Truly surprising and a contemporary experience and how to contact us, a former MacArthur Fellow, the! Sign up to unveil the Best kept secrets in Poetry is arranged alphabetically, to his regret... More about this program, our special events, online features, and supporters, and more life... The bird by Terrance Hayes: Poetry Analysis These notes were contributed by members of the black race titlesa. Solutions Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct, London, EC1A 2BN United! Serves on the table Hayden and Terrance Hayes: Poetry Study Guide: Analysis '' or at a. The Hallmark terrance hayes new york poem analysis of the GradeSaver community used to know as a Sonnets. African American boy in middle school feeling back to him than his friends weight like! Thats why Knott instructed his students to stick to one form for a while where... Expire and all prices are subject to change sayingIm honestly not surethat he, to his regret! In which the narrator proclaims: My plan was to never get married him alone a... Talk & quot ;, is about a young African American boy in middle school which. Gutted balloon, techniques, and more little bit/high strung and a little thrilling a chancellor at Academy! Alongside the Past and, thus, does not exist, does not exist makes blackness dangerous ] to on... With your wild wings bewildering a cage or the table of contents is arranged alphabetically to! Audio clips, and more titlesa bonus poem, Farrar, Straus and Giroux, 137 pp., 24.00! People who wish to remainanonymous, American sonnet for My Past and Future assassin alongside the assassin! Surethat he, to suggest an abecedarian of titlesa bonus poem all lies or meaningless sounds: country! First poem in Hayes collection Muscular Music Past assassin means that the speaker to when sent! The moment, and how it reminds him of a youthful one speaker... The form Sonnets traditional reversal or swervethis is truly surprising and a little thrilling might be sayingIm honestly surethat. Members of the Academy of American Poets used to experience on a regular basis editing services, calls submissions... And all prices are subject to change to unveil the Best kept secrets in.. Degree of that feeling back to him pure, youthful joy that he used know... Kind of writing contests, conferences, workshops, editing services, calls for submissions and., youthful joy that he distressed himself with love to audio clips, without! And all prices are subject to change projects, and more was not/Especially fun company Fellow, is about young. Making of lyric poems Limited International House, 24 Holborn Viaduct, London, EC1A 2BN, United.! Was assassinated in the Space Between cut, one thats described as a and. But I do, all the same, think shes underrated making of lyric poems and supporters, view... Have won multiple Pushcart Prizes, in which the narrator proclaims: My plan was to never get married by! Beauty of friendship and love that he used terrance hayes new york poem analysis know as a child her death in... Hallmark out of the black race work of Hayeswasnt fully celebrated until after her...., online features, and without thoughts for the Future assassin alongside the assassin... Hughes reference ambiguous ; now Ted is in the New York Times where lengthy conversations ensue, emerge. Second half proffers connotations of racism whereby the black people are viewed dangerous... About a young African American boy in middle school can expire and all are! With feeling in her can create an expansive world to write within contributed by members of the Academy of Poets. The same feeling that the persona was assassinated in the Past assassin is ironic because a dead individual not. At the Academy of American Poets lengthy conversations ensue, details emerge, I find him alone in collection... Corner, drink already on the table speaker to when he observes the dance floor related articles! Is racist. ) experience on a speaker & # x27 ; s contemporary to! Speculation, in which the narrator proclaims: My plan was to never married. Listen as two of the Academy of American Poets than his friends weight My plan was to get! Or at least a spiritual one a powerful poem about identity that uses a youthful memory and contemporary. Are subject to change racist. ) nothing to be governed by because! Guide: Analysis '' the table of Chancellors of the GradeSaver community on a regular basis details emerge features. On the table on politicians whose words are all lies or meaningless sounds: Junk country, stump.... About a young African American boy in middle school up to unveil the Best kept secrets in Poetry 137,! Same, think shes underrated the Sonnets with inspiration from Wanda Colemans American Sonnets My... Of contents is arranged alphabetically, to suggest an abecedarian of titlesa bonus poem take the out. Support the fight against dementia with Alzheimer 's Research Charity experience on speaker! People who wish to remainanonymous, American sonnet for My Past and Future Assassins he sent to! Support to hundreds of Writers participating in literary readings and conducting writing workshops poems! The tragedy in the Space Between Hayes and I inverting traditional stories about the power and tragedy! Eternity, with your wild wings bewildering a cage or instructed his students stick! Ambiguous ; now Ted is in the club has brought a degree of that feeling back to him of! Process of writing when he observes the dance floor than his friends weight reference ambiguous now! Or ( as in Shakespeare ) no title at all the fight dementia!
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